One of the important issues for a product designer, whether working within as an employee or as a self-employed consultant, is to being able to understand and work with companies target market and its design management. Therefor the product designer should understand that companies approach to design. The product designer should understand which method used by company to create its design management. One of the leading approaches in the market is user-centred design. This means that to understand target market needs, wants and habits. Also one of the important things you should analyse that these needs, wants and habits vary among similar people. Do they change depend on age, gender or culture?
One of the start points to understand target markets needs is to look at existing products and research about how other product designers found solutions about that particular problem. Also researching about products history will give you a good understanding of people needs and wants about that product. In addition having a legal research would be useful to understand general issues.
The other method to collect data about target market is to ask them directly. That could be a very powerful tool. Surveys, interviewing, focus groups and pools are some technics using wildly. There are some weakness about this methods, they can lead you false answers with catastrophic effects on the final product design.
One of the good methods is role playing. The data about target markets behaviours about product can gain from product designers own experience. Product designer can draw this data from his/her past experiences or can establish new experiences through testing existing products. Role playing is the one of the effective technics to test products. It is a very good idea to keep video record of that tests and watching it over a number of times to understand the situation deeply.
Psychology is the science of mind and behaviour. Its immediate goal is to understand behaviour and mental processes by researching and establishing both general principles and specific cases. It would be a very powerful tool for a product designer. Especially some cases, such as when the target cannot express themselves such as children or the target might not recognise or be able to express through a direct survey or questioner. Knowing about the target markets psychology can be a very powerful tool for product designers. To understanding user group’s general cognitive and behavioural functions will help you to solve problems effectively. While knowing personal needs and wants, product designer also need to know target markets behaviour in a working world context. In this point sociology will help product designer. Sociology is the study of society. It is a social science—a term with which it is sometimes synonymous—which uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop and refine a body of knowledge about human social activity, often with the goal of applying such knowledge to the pursuit of social welfare.
Product designers always should remember that they are designing products for others to use. Therefore to use methods which are explained before would be important to achieve commercially successful products. There is an important issue to consider, the final product which is a market led could be a very boring product. Product designers should think freely when they design a new product. Also if a product designer can obsessive on following his/her own vision, may be only the product designer likes the product and would be no real usage. The balance between free thinking and market leading approach is crucial for success of product.

